How to Write a Letter of Application (with Examples)

What is a letter of application?

A letter of application (also known as a cover letter, application letter, or job application letter) is a one-page letter sent with your resume to convince employers you’re qualified for their role. While there are many purposes for a letter of application, this document is generally intended to give employers more information about you and why you’re applying.

Here’s an example of a simple job application letter:

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An effective letter of application:

1. expands on the skills, achievements, and professional experiences you want to highlight
2. explains your personal interest in applying to the position
3. describes what you can offer the company

Because many employers receive an average of 250 applications per job opening, it’s essential to write a letter of application that not only matches their requirements but positively sets you apart from other applicants. Sound tough? We’ve got you covered – read on to learn how to write a letter of application that gets you the job you want (even if it’s a hyper-competitive position).

How to write a letter of application (6 tips)

Before you start writing your letter of application, research the company and read the job posting carefully so you know how to describe your experience in a way that gets the employer’s attention. Once you’ve done your preparation, follow these steps to write a letter of application that lands interviews:

1. Put your contact information in your letter of application header

Your letter of application’s header should match your resume header and provide your basic contact information to make it easy for hiring managers to invite you for interviews. Make sure to include your:

• name
• email address
• phone number

Depending on the job, you can also include other professional online profiles such as your portfolio or LinkedIn profile to help hiring managers learn more about your past work.

This is an example of a good job application letter header:

2. Address the hiring manager

The next part of your cover letter is the contact person’s information and a salutation (also called a greeting). To get started, write the hiring manager’s contact information at the top-left of your letter of application, including their name, company address, phone number, and email address. If the job ad doesn’t list this information, search for it online or call the company to ask for the hiring manager’s details.

In your job application letter’s salutation, you should address the hiring manager by name to show that you’ve taken time to tailor your letter to the company. Use the format: Dear Mr./Ms./Mx. [Last Name]. If you can’t find the name, use a salutation like “Dear Hiring Manager” to avoid using the generic “To Whom It May Concern”.

Here’s how the employer’s contact information and your greeting should look:

3. Grab the hiring manager’s attention with your introduction

In our recent survey of hiring managers and their thoughts on application letters, 41% said that the introduction of a job application letter leaves the biggest impression on them compared to other sections. So start your application letter off strong by:

• introducing yourself
• mentioning how you heard about the position
• explaining why you’re applying

A great example is the introduction from the letter of application example above:

I’m thrilled to be applying for the Junior Front End Developer role for CodePros, which I found on Monster.com. Having had an extremely positive experience completing CodePros online courses in 2017 and applying the skills I learned there to my freelance work, I understand how valuable online programming education can be. My experience with CodePros increased my confidence to complete courses and gain more skills in React.js and JavaScript. I’d love to work for a company that provides students with 24/7 support and excellent resources to learn programming skills.

This introduction catches the hiring manager’s attention because it’s tailored to the specific role and company. In our survey, 46% of hiring managers consider tailoring a letter of application to be either fairly or very important when deciding whether to invite applicants for interviews. Customizing your application letter not only demonstrates you’re a good fit for the position but also shows employers you:

• actually want to work for them
• are detail-oriented
• can do research
• are diligent (and will apply the same amount of effort to your work tasks)

4. Highlight industry-specific skills (with numbers) in your body paragraphs

Next, add 2–4 body paragraphs with information about how your skills, experience, achievements, and education can help the target company achieve its goals. Rather than bragging, the goal of your body paragraphs is to show the hiring manager why you’d be a good fit for the position.

Match the job posting when choosing which of your hard and soft abilites to highlight in your job application letter. Hard skills and knowledge are technical capabilities learned from hands-on experience, training, or education. Programming, data analysis, and user interface (UI) design are examples of hard skills.

By contrast, soft abilities relate to emotional intelligence and let employers know how you interact with others in the workplace. For instance, organization skills, teamwork, and interpersonal expertise show you work well with others as well as on your own.

And just as it’s essential to quantify your achievements on your resume, it’s equally important to use hard numbers in the body paragraphs of your letter of application. Adding numbers to your application letter when other applicants only vaguely describe their qualifications will make your application memorable. The budgets you worked with, people you helped, and number of projects you were a part of can all be quantified using hard numbers.

Using numbers also shows the hiring manager the extent of what you can do. So, for example, if you’re applying to a smaller nursing home with only 50 beds, the first statement below shows you’re more than qualified to handle caregiving for their residents, while the statement without hard numbers is unclear:

5. Choose engaging words for your application letter

Your letter of application’s length should be 250 to 400 words or 3 to 4 paragraphs — long enough to get your point across but short enough that the reader won’t lose interest. So make every word count by using strong action verbs and powerful adjectives instead of buzzwords.

For instance, buzzwords like “tasked with,” “responsible for,” and “participated in” are passive and sound like you copied responsibilities from a job posting. Instead, use verbs like “spearheaded,” “managed,” and “executed.” Here’s an excerpt from a UX designer’s letter of application that successfully uses action verbs and power adjectives:

Along with action verbs, descriptive adjectives help your cover letter to tell a story, which is important because stories are 22 times more likely to be remembered than facts alone. For instance, a hotel manager should include adjectives such as “courteous,” “decisive,” and “tactful” to give hiring managers a better feel for their customer service and people skills.

By carefully choosing adjectives for your job application letter, you also help employers evaluate whether you’re someone they’d want to work with. Notice the difference in this nurse’s experience written with and without power adjectives:

6. Close your application letter with a call to action

End your application letter by inviting the hiring manager to contact you for an interview. Include your phone number and email address in your call to action to make it that much easier for a hiring manager to call you straightaway.

Finally, include an appropriate letter of application sign-off such as “Sincerely” or “Best Regards,” followed by your name.

Sincerely,

Will Grant

How to format your letter of application

Unsure how to format your letter of application? Here are 4 tips for formatting an application letter so it stands out to employers:

1. Choose an appropriate font and font size

An appropriate application letter font size is between 10.5 to 12 points. Using a suitable font size ensures readability and that there’s enough white space throughout your letter, making it look professional.

Also, you should pick a professional letter of application font like:

• Times New Roman
• Arial
• Verdana
• Georgia

Professional fonts are easily scanned by applicant tracking systems (ATS), which is software that filters applications for keywords. An ATS might not be able to read your letter of application if you use uncommon fonts.

2. Fix your margins

Properly sized margins help create the perfect mix of white space and text, making your letter of application easy to read. The standard size for application letter margins is 1″, the default on Microsoft Word. However, you can adjust your margins between ½” and 1½”:

If you have a lot of relevant experience that addresses the job posting you’re responding to, changing your margins to ½” to fit more text on the page is fine.

If you have less experience to describe, you can adjust your margins up to 1½” to make your letter appear longer.

Just keep in mind that very wide margins look unprofessional, while extra narrow margins make your application letter look cluttered.

3. Save your file as a PDF

Job application letters should always be saved as a PDF file to ensure that your letter gets picked up easily by ATS software and passed onto employers. PDFs also keep your formatting intact and don’t allow others to modify your application.

Save your letter under an appropriate file name, such as “First-Name-Last-Name-Application-Letter.pdf”. Using a professional file name makes it easy for hiring managers to find your application in their inbox or on their desktop.

4. Simplify your formatting for letters sent in the body of an email

There are a few details to remember if you write an email letter of application for an employer.

First, write a professional subject line that shows your intent. Make sure your email subject line contains your name and the exact job title you’re applying for.

Second, in an email letter of application, there’s no need to type out the hiring manager’s contact information and the date (this information is already included in the email). So begin with the salutation, addressing the hiring manager using “Dear Mr./Ms./Mx. [Last Name],”.

Third, before emailing your letter of application, list your contact information below your email signature.

Here’s an example of a job application letter sent as an email:

Frequently asked questions about application letters

Want more information on how to write a job application letter? Below we provide answers to 3 common questions related to application letter writing:

1. Is a letter of application the same as a cover letter?

A letter of application for a job is the same as a cover letter. Often recruiters and hiring managers will use the terms interchangeably to refer to a letter sent to give a hiring manager more information about your qualifications.

But application letters (or letters of application) for academic programs and scholarships differ from cover letters. Compared to a cover letter, an application letter for academic purposes is:

• tailored to the academic program or scholarship’s goals, rather than a specific job
• often longer (acceptable to be 1–2 pages)
• accompanied by other application materials (e.g., your transcript, resume for college, personal statement)

2. What should I avoid writing in a letter of application?

Avoid common application letter red flags, which include:

• addressing the company incorrectly (such as sending a letter of application you wrote for a different job)
• lying about your qualifications
• speaking negatively about previous jobs or employers
• including personal information not relevant to the job
• typos or grammar mistakes

3. How do I write a job application letter that stands out?

To write a job application letter that stands out, explain how your qualifications match the requirements in the job posting. Identify a few of the most important requirements that match your background and skills and provide concrete evidence for them, such as numbers or quotes from previous employers or coworkers.

Other ways to help your application stand out include:

• using skills-based keywords from the job ad
• mentioning a particularly impressive achievement
• striking the right tone (e.g., showing your humor and personality while still being professional)
• using a clean and engaging application letter template

Additional Letter of Application FAQs

Read our answers to other application letter–related questions:

• What should the first paragraph of a cover letter include?
• What do employers look for in a cover letter?
• Who reads cover letters?
• How do you write your availability on a cover letter?
• Should you bring a cover letter to an interview?